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Proverbs

Kila king’aacho si dhahabu

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Updated 6mo ago
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All that glitters is not gold
Hapo zamani za kale, palikuwa na binti mrembo, mkarimu, mwenye akili aliyeitwa Poshia. Wanaume wengi walitaka kumuoa na walikuja ili kuomba uchumba. Baba Poshia alikuwa amefariki dunia. Alikuwa tajiri na aliacha wosia ulioelekeza kamba yeyote aliyetaka kumuoa Poshia, lazima achague kati ya masanduku tatu: sanduku la dhahabu, sanduku la fedha na sanduku la risasi. Atakayechagua sahihi ndiye atakayeruhusiwa kumuoa Poshiia na kurithi mali zote za Baba Poshia. Siku moja, Mfalme wa Moroko alikuja ili kuomba uchumba.

Mabepari wa Venisi

Tazama ▶️ YouTube


POSHIA: Kayavute mapazia masanduku yaonekane kwake mtukufu huyu mtoto wa mfalme. Haya sasa kachague.

MOROKO: La kwanza, ni la dhahabu, lenye maandiko haya:
‘Anichaguaye mimi atakuwa amepata kile wanaume wengi wakitamanicho sana.’
Na la pili, ni la fedha, linaloahidi hivi: 
‘Anichaguaye mimi apate astahilicho.’
La, tatu, risasi butu, na onyo lake ni butu:
‘Anichaguaye mimi itambidi atoe, na pia ahatarishe chochote alicho nacho.’
Nitajuaje yakuwa nimechagua vizuri?

POSHIA: Moja lina picha yangu, mzawa wa mfalme: Ukilichagua hilo basi na mimi ni wako.

MOROKO: Muungu Fulani uniongoze. Hebu nione; nitayachagua tena maandiko toka mwisho. Nitaanzia la tatu: lasemaje, la risasi?
‘Anichaguaye mimi itambidid atoe na pia ahatarishe cho chote alicho nacho.’
Itambidi atoe - atoleeni? Risasi? Na pia ahatarishe - kwa ajili ya risasi? Sanduku hili latisha: wahatarishao vyote hutumaini kupata faida iliyo nzuri: Wenye moyo wa dhahabu hawajali takataka; Kwa hiyo basi sitoi na wala sihatarishi chochote nilicho nacho kwa sababu ya risasi. La fedha lasema nini, lenye rangi ya baridi?
‘Anichaguaye mimi apate astahilicho’.
Apate astahilicho! Subiri hapa, Moroko. Upime thamani yako kwa mkono wa mwadilifu: Kama ukithaminiwa vile ujifanidivyo wastahili kutosha; walakini ya kutosha inaweza isitoshe kumpata siti huyu. Bali nikitia shaka kuwa simstahili,Basi hapo nitakuwa najiumbua mwenyewe. Stahili yangu ni nini? Bila shaka ni bibie. Namstahili, hakika, kwa nasaba na kwa mali, kwa madaha na kwa sifa zote za malezi mema na kuzidi yote hayo namstahili kwa pendo. Vipi, nisiendelee, nichague papa hapa?
Hebu tuyaone tena ya sanduku la dhahabu:
‘Anichaguaye mimi atakuwa amepata kile wanaume wengi wakitamanicho sana!’
Naam, ni siti huyu; anotamaniwa kote. Toka pande zote nne za dunia wanakuja kubusu sanamu hii takatifu ilo hai: Majangwa ya Hirikani na nyika pana ajabu, za Uarabuni kote, sasa zimekuwa njia ziletazo watawala kumwona Poshia bora. Nayo dola ya bahari ambayo inapofura hutemea hata mbingu, haiwezi kuzuia nia ya wageni hao; ila wanazidi kuja, kama wavuka kijito, kumwona Poshia bora. Moja la matatu haya lina picha yake nzuri. Itawezekana kweli liwe lile la risasi? Wazo chafu kama hilo lingekuwa ni laana. Halifai japo kuwa sanda yake ya kaburini.
Au niwaze ya kuwa kawekwa ndani ya fedha? Moja ya kumi na moja ya thamani ya dhahabu? Hilo ni wazo la dhambi! Kito cha thamani hivi hakiwekeki po pote ila ndani ya dhahabu. Uingereza wanayo sarafu tu ya dhahabu, ambayo kwa juu yake imechapwa malaika. Bali hapa malaika mwenyewe hasa yu ndani ya sanduku hili hapa, na bahati nijaliwe!

POSHIA: Ni huu hapa, chukua, mzawa wa mfalme; kama sura yangu imo nimekuwa mali yako.

[Anafungua sanduku la dhahabu]
MOROKO: Mama yang! Nini hii? Ni fuu tupu la kichwa, ambalo katika jicho lina hati ma’ndiko. Nitasoma maandiko.
Kila kitu king’aacho usidhani ni dhahabu,
umekisikia hicho ni kiambo cha mababu.
Kuniona kwa nje tu, wengi wameuza utu;
Makaburi ya dhahabu yana mafunza ajabu.
Ungekuwa na werevu ulivyo na ushupavu,
kijana kiwiliwili na mzee kwa akili,
usingelistahili kulipewa jibu hili:
Basi buriani dawa; pposa umefarikiwa.
Nimefarikiwa kweli. Bure nimejitanibu. Basi buriani, joto; nawe, makiwa, karibu. Basi kwa heri Poshia. Ninayo
huzuni sana siwezi kwa heri ndefu: Ndivyo wanavyoagana watu waliopoteza.
[Aondoka na Wafuasi wake. Tarumbeta]
Sources
Tendo la II, Onyesho la 7 katika Mabepari wa Venisi ( Kiing: The Merchant of Venice) na William Shakespeare, Ilitafsiriwa na Mwalimu Nyerere
English: The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare, Act II Scene 7

Watch Tazama ▶️
The Merchant of Venice, Act II Scene 7 on YouTube
Ken Nwosu as the Prince of Morocco and Patsy Ferran as Portia, Directed by Polly Findlay, 2015 RSC
https://youtu.be/J9q7h9b-KWs?t=40m25s

Movie ya zamani:
Joan Plowright as Portia, Stephen Greif as the Prince of Morocco, Directed by Laurence Olivier, 1973
https://youtu.be/fJDg4ITyJIc?t=35m13s

Picha: Mchoro ulitengenezwa kwa kutumia Akili Bandia (AI) pamoja na photoshop. CC BY Maktaba.org
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As the appetite increases, food tastes better.

The proverb first appeared in Miguel de Cervantes' Don Quixote, published in 1615 (in Part II, Chapter V)

Parents often say this to their children when they are fussy eaters.
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Updated 6mo ago
by

Question: Have you learned more from you parents or from your experiences in the world? 


Today's proverb is often used in Swahili to describe a person who makes a mistake that could have been foreseen and suffers negative consequences... like the truck driver in this picture from Oxfordshire, UK. Regardless of what your parents taught you (or failed to teach you), you will eventually have to confront the harsh realities of life and learn from experience.
See also: If a child cries for a razor, give it to him (Mtoto akilia wembe, mpe)

He who is not taught by his parents is taught by the world. (Asofunzwa na wazazi, hufunzwa na ulimwengu)
Here's a poem by the poet Akilimali Snow-White about this proverb. (My translation from the original Swahili)

In the age they fooled me, my old folks in raising me,
I failed to learn the new movements of the world.
Today I please myself, to the people of the world, listen:
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

I couldn’t have done any work without humbling myself before them,
Obeying to flatter them, then to serve them,
Even when I pleased them, they taught me with intention,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

Now I can speak European languages without difficulty,
like English and others too,
With effort I learn, and even they have raised me.
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

I can converse without blemish,
And lead amidst evil, removing the blemish,
In the end the place pleases, one step towards harmony,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

There is nowhere I have overlooked, without investigation,
All sides examined, knowledge I have taken,
I even know how to sell products and buy,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

The amount which I have learned, not a little by fumbling,
I am pleasing where I come from, I employ good work
It’s hard to scorn, how it raises me,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

It’s not right to ignore what you don’t know
Try to investigate, and then analyze,
When your intention is tightened, you can’t fail to know a thing,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world.

The tasks I taught myself, my father didn’t know
He didn’t know English, or selling and buying,
but only praising oneself, that was when I, the child, knew,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the world. 

I give more for you, you all who helped me,
All of you who’ve taught me, Lord give you health
God fill you all with happiness, and return goodness to you,
He who is not taught by his parents, is taught by the people of the world.
- Diwani ya Akilimali

What do you think about this poem? What does it mean? Can you improve the translation?

Fikeni E. M. K. Senkoro (1988) wrote of this poem (my translation):
[A] person can't experience everything in life from their parents: they must be ready to be taught by the world-- that is to learn from others beyond their father and mother.

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Updated 6mo ago
by

Ufafanuzi


Methali hii ya Kiingereza inatafsirika pia kama "Kalamu ina nguvu kuliko upanga au jambia" au " Kalamu ni kali kuliko upanga." Katika methali hii, jambia au upanga unaashiria nguvu na ukatili, na maana ya kalamu ni maneno. Ingawa upanga unaweza kushinda kwa nguvu, kalamu inaweza kuwashawishi, kuwahamasisha, na kuwaelimisha watu. Sio kila mtu ana silaha za kuwalazimisha watu wengine kufanya kile anachotaka, lakini kila mtu ana uwezo wa kubadilisha ulimwengu kupitia kile anachofikiria, kusema na kuandika kwa maneno. 

Silaha za siku hizi ni kalamu na karatasi.
 - Methali ya Kiswahili

Methali hii ni kweli kwa sababu mara nyingi maneno huchochea na kudhibiti jinsi watu wanavyotumia nguvu na silaha zao. Kwa mfano, kupitia sheria, maneno ya viongozi, mahakimu na majaji yana uwezo wa kuwafunga watu gerezani au hata kuwaua. Kutoa hotuba ya moto kwa umati wa watu wenye hasira kunaweza kuleta ghasia kali na madhara mengine (ona Juliasi Kaizari).

"Ukinipa picha, nitakupa vita."
- William Randolph Hearst
(Mwandishi wa habari na mchapishaji wa magazeti, Marekani)

Lakini pia, methali hiyo inatukumbusha nguvu ya upinzani usio na vurugu kwenye kuleta mabadiliko ya kudumu, kanuni iliyotetewa na kuonyeshwa na watu kama Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, na Nelson Mandela.  Angalia pia: Insha ya "Civil Disobedience"  na Henry David Thoreau, pamoja na Tamthilia mashuhuri ya "Antigone" na Sophocles.

Chimbuko


Nukuu hii ya "kalamu ina nguvu kuliko upanga" ilipata umaarufu kupitia tamthilia ya "Richelieu: au The Conspiracy"  na Edward Bulwer-Lytton (mwaka wa 1839, ukurasa wa 47). Lakini hakika wazo lilikuwepo kabla.

Wengine wanasema chimbuko halisi la methali hii ni Hadithi ya Ahikar. Kitabu hiki kiliandikwa takriban miaka 600 kabla ya kristu, na ni chimbuko la methali zingine kama "Ndege mkononi ana thamani ya wawili mtini"). Katika toleo letu, mfasiri hakuweza kusoma maandishi kutokana na hali ya karatasi, na maneno yalikatika. (Ukurasa 171/274
Dhibiti kinywa chako kwa uangalifu ...[ILIKATA]... na ufanye moyo wako kuwa mzito(?), kwa maana neno linalosemwa ni kama ndege, naye alitamkaye ni kama mtu asiye na  ...[ILIKATA]... ufundi wa maneno una nguvu zaidi kuliko ufundi wa  ...[ILIKATA]...
- Hadithi ya Ahikar, Ukurasa wa 171/274
Je, hili ndilo chimbuko halisi la methali hii, miaka zaidi ya 2,500 iliyopita? Muwe majaji...

Chanzo karibu na methali hii pia kinaonekana katika Agano la Kale:
Kwa maana neno la Mungu ni hai, tena lina nguvu, tena lina ukali kuliko upanga uwao wote ukatao kuwili.
Waebrania 4:12, Biblia

Na vilevile katika Shakespeare: 
Wengi wanaovaa panga huogopa kalamu.
-William Shakespeare
Tamthilia ya Hamlet, Sehemu ya 2, Onyesho la II (ukurasa wa 59)

 Je, unakubali kalamu hushinda jambia? Toa maoni yako hapo chini!
...

CC BY Unaruhusiwa kunakili & kusambaza mchoro huu na makala hii bila idhini, ukitaja tu chanzo (www.maktaba.org)

Updated 6mo ago
by
This proverb refers to the tendency to imagine or dwell on the notion that other people have nicer things...like your neighbor having a nicer lawn. 

The original source of this proverb is Ovid's "Art of Love", a book of advice for men and women about finding and keeping romantic relationships, written over 2000 years ago, about 2 AD:
People don't resist the temptation of new delights. We always deem that other people are more fortunate than ourselves. The crop is always better in our neighbour's field; his cows more rich in milk.
- Ovid The Art of Love, Page 24

One lesson from this proverb is to focus more on what you have, ignoring what others may have that is better. Another lesson might be to put your attention on improving your own situation (like watering your lawn) rather than dwelling on the fact that your lawn (or situation in general) is inferior.

An interesting variation on this proverb is: "The grass is always greener where you water."

Similar proverbs from other cultures:

Hindi:
दूर के ढोल सुहावने लगते हैं
From far away the drums sound better
Chinese:
隔籬飯香
Next door's rice smells good 
Japanese:
隣の芝生は青く見える
The neighbor's grass seems green 
Russian:
соседняя очередь всегда движется быстрее
The other queue always moves faster 



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Updated 6mo ago
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