Recognition of a person’s dignity presupposes active respect for his hu-man rights, self-esteem and self-determination. Human dignity should not be measured according to any individual worth. It is a synonym for human worth, the inherent excellence of the human person as it is. A society should respect each of its members as a person on the basis of the notion of human dignity. This notion also requires that the interests and welfare of the individual are considered as prior to the sole interest of society. The individual should never be sacrificed for the sake of society or science. However, there might be exceptional circumstances in which the interests of others or the community as a whole are so important that infringing upon the interests of individu-als is unavoidable in order to save others or the community.This casebook contains 30 case studies. Every case has been dealt with by a high judicial instance and offers a description of the type of ethi-cal problems involved. Each case is followed by general guidelines for the edification of students who must themselves, under the guidance of their lecturer, study the case, discuss the possible solutions and re-ject what they consider unsuitable before reaching their own decision. The aim of the project is to produce a tool and a platform for active participation of the students in the decision-making process. Combined efforts of teaching, educating and training by the use of such a methodology may plant and root in the hearts of the students ethical values that should guide any physician providing patient care.